Bab 1: Timeless Adventure and Magical Journeys

The Inspiring Journey of Malala Yousafzai Malala Yousafzai was born on July 12, 1997, in Mingora, Pakistan. From an early age, she showed a passion for education, encouraged by her father, Ziauddin, who was a teacher and a strong advocate for girls’ education. However, the region of Swat, where Malala lived, came under the control of the Taliban, a militant group that imposed strict rules, including banning education for girls. Despite the threats, Malala courageously voiced her belief in education as a fundamental right for all children. In 2009, she began writing a blog under a pseudonym for the BBC, describing her life under Taliban rule and advocating for education. Her efforts gained international attention, but her activism also made her a target. In October 2012, Malala was attacked by a Taliban gunman while riding home from school. She was critically injured but survived after extensive medical treatment in Pakistan and the UK. Malala’s story sparked a global movement for education and women’s rights. She co-authored the memoir I Am Malala and became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014. Today, Malala continues to advocate for education through her nonprofit organization, the Malala Fund, aiming to ensure that every girl has access to 12 years of free, safe, and quality education. Which of the following best summarizes the text?

Friend: I love your new jacket! Where did you buy it? How would you report this to another friend?

The Rise and Fall of the Maya Civilization The Maya civilization, one of the most advanced in Mesoamerica, flourished between 2000 BCE and 1500 CE. Known for their achievements in astronomy, mathematics, and architecture, the Maya built magnificent cities such as Tikal, Palenque, and Chichen Itza. They developed a sophisticated writing system using hieroglyphs, a complex calendar, and an understanding of zero long before other cultures. The Maya were primarily an agrarian society, relying on maize, beans, and squash as staple crops. They also engaged in trade with neighboring civilizations, exchanging goods like jade, obsidian, and cacao. Religion played a central role in their daily lives, with ceremonies often held in grand temples to honor gods associated with nature, such as rain, sun, and fertility. However, the civilization experienced a mysterious decline around the 9th century. Scholars suggest several factors, including overpopulation, deforestation, warfare, and drought, which may have led to the collapse of many major cities. Although the civilization never fully disappeared—descendants of the Maya still live in Central America—their once-great cities were abandoned, leaving behind a legacy of cultural and scientific achievements. Which of the following best summarizes the text?

John told his colleague, "If I finish my work early, I’ll join you for dinner." How would the colleague report this to their manager?

Teacher: Did everyone submit their homework? Anna: Yes, I submitted it yesterday. Teacher: Great! Could you remind John to hand his in? He missed the deadline. Anna: Sure, I’ll tell him, “The teacher said you must submit your homework today.” Teacher: Thank you, Anna. I appreciate your help. What is the correct indirect version of what Anna said to John?

Emma exclaimed, "What a beautiful sunset!" while watching the horizon with her friends. How would her friends report Emma’s exclamation?

Alex: Hey, did you hear what Mark said about the meeting? Sophie: No, what did he say? Alex: He said, “The meeting will start at 10 a.m. sharp tomorrow.” Sophie: Oh, thanks for letting me know. I’ll make sure to be on time. Which of the following is the correct indirect version of Mark’s statement?

In 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first person to set foot on the moon during NASA’s Apollo 11 mission. His iconic words, "That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," symbolized the achievement of human space exploration. The mission also included Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins, who played critical roles in the success of this historic event. What is the best summary of this text?

Mom: Did you clean your room? Jake: Not yet, but I will clean it after dinner. Mom: Please don’t forget. I’ll ask you again later. How would you report what Mom asked Jake in indirect speech?

Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century. It is driven by greenhouse gas emissions from human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. Rising global temperatures have led to extreme weather events, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels, affecting ecosystems and human livelihoods. What is the best summary of this text?

The principal addressed the students in an assembly and said, “Good morning, everyone. I want to remind you that the annual sports day will be held next Saturday. Please ensure you register for the events you’re interested in by Thursday. Let’s make it a memorable event!” What is the correct indirect version of the principal’s announcement?

The Great Wall of China, built over several centuries, is one of the world’s most famous landmarks. Originally constructed to protect against invasions, it also served as a means of border control and trade regulation. Today, it stands as a symbol of Chinese history and attracts millions of tourists annually. What is the best summary of this text?

Last week, during a team meeting, the manager said that the sales figures for the previous month had been excellent. He thanked everyone for their hard work and mentioned that there would be a celebration next Friday. He also reminded the team to continue putting in their best efforts to achieve even greater results. Which of the following is the correct direct version of the manager’s statement?