Bab 2: Words That Build Worlds

Which of the following is an example of back channeling?

Why does back channeling helps in maintaining conversation flow?

Which of the following is NOT considered a back channeling expression?

Which of the following is an example of back channeling?

What is the primary function of back channeling in a conversation?

Which of the following sentences expresses a prediction about the future?

Which of the following is the correct use of "will" for future promises?

Which of the following sentences shows a scheduled event in the future using "will"?

Which of the following sentences uses "will" to express a future decision made at the moment of speaking?

Which of the following sentences correctly uses "going to" to express a future intention based on present circumstances?

Which of the following sentences uses "going to" to indicate a future plan with a clear reference to present preparation or arrangement?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is one of the most magnificent natural wonders in the world, located in the state of Arizona in the United States. The canyon stretches for over 277 miles (446 kilometers) and reaches depths of more than a mile (1.6 kilometers). It was carved by the Colorado River over millions of years, and its layers of rock provide a stunning view of the Earth's geological history. The vibrant red and orange hues of the canyon walls contrast sharply with the blue sky, creating an awe-inspiring landscape. Visitors to the Grand Canyon can enjoy a range of activities, including hiking, rafting, and simply marveling at the breathtaking views from the South Rim. The canyon is home to diverse wildlife, including bighorn sheep, mountain lions, and numerous bird species. The Grand Canyon was designated a national park in 1919 and attracts millions of tourists each year from all over the world. Its natural beauty and rich cultural significance make it a must-see destination for anyone visiting the southwestern United States. Which of the following is a fact stated in the descriptive text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Amazon Rainforest The Amazon Rainforest is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" because of its vital role in absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen. This lush, tropical forest spans over nine countries and is home to an astonishing diversity of wildlife. However, many people argue that its true beauty lies not only in its natural resources but also in the deep connection that the indigenous tribes have with the land. Their culture and knowledge of the forest are unparalleled and form an essential part of the forest’s preservation. Which of the following sentences is an opinion in the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! Fuji Mount Mount Fuji, Japan’s highest peak, is an iconic symbol of the country. The snow-capped mountain is visible from great distances, towering above the surrounding forests. The view of Mount Fuji during the early morning hours, when the first rays of sunlight hit the snow, is breathtaking. The mountain is often depicted in traditional Japanese art, and it is a focal point for spiritual reflection and pilgrimage. What is the visual image described in the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal, one of the most famous landmarks in the world, was built in the 17th century. It was commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who passed away during childbirth. The Taj Mahal was constructed using white marble and features stunning gardens, reflecting pools, and intricate carvings. Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage site and attracts millions of visitors annually. Which of the following is a passive sentence in the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Galapagos Island The Galápagos Islands are famous for their unique biodiversity. One of the most remarkable aspects of the islands is the variety of spaecies found nowhere else in the world. The Galápagos giant tortoise, for example, is an iconic species that can live for over 100 years. The islands also have a rich marine ecosystem, where creatures like marine iguanas and sea lions thrive. This exceptional ecosystem inspired Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. What type of wildlife is mentioned in the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Galapagos Island The Galápagos Islands are famous for their unique biodiversity. One of the most remarkable aspects of the islands is the variety of spaecies found nowhere else in the world. The Galápagos giant tortoise, for example, is an iconic species that can live for over 100 years. The islands also have a rich marine ecosystem, where creatures like marine iguanas and sea lions thrive. This exceptional ecosystem inspired Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. What type of wildlife is mentioned in the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Great Barrier The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Australia, is one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. It covers over 344,000 square kilometers and is home to a wide variety of marine life, including corals, fish, and turtles. Unfortunately, the reef has been threatened by climate change, and its coral populations have been severely impacted by rising sea temperatures. Efforts to protect and preserve the reef are ongoing, but the damage is significant. Which verb tense is used in the sentence: "Efforts to protect and preserve the reef are ongoing"?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Great Barrier The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Australia, is one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. It covers over 344,000 square kilometers and is home to a wide variety of marine life, including corals, fish, and turtles. Unfortunately, the reef has been threatened by climate change, and its coral populations have been severely impacted by rising sea temperatures. Efforts to protect and preserve the reef are ongoing, but the damage is significant. Which verb tense is used in the sentence: "Efforts to protect and preserve the reef are ongoing"?

Which of the following sentences is a fact?

Which of the following statements is an opinion?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Serengeti National Park The Serengeti National Park, located in Tanzania, is one of the most famous wildlife reserves in the world. It spans over 14,750 square kilometers and is home to the annual Great Migration, where millions of wildebeest, zebras, and gazelles move across the plains in search of food and water. The park is also home to the "Big Five" — lions, leopards, rhinoceroses, elephants, and buffaloes — making it a prime destination for wildlife safaris. The Serengeti is recognized for its stunning landscapes, ranging from open savannas to woodlands and riverine forests. Despite its vastness, the Serengeti faces challenges such as poaching and the effects of climate change. The conservation efforts in the park are ongoing, and it remains one of the world’s most protected ecosystems. Every year, thousands of tourists visit the park to witness the breathtaking migration and to experience the diversity of animal species living within the park. Which of the following is a fact from the text?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Pyramids of Giza The Pyramids of Giza are one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and remain a marvel of ancient engineering. Located on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt, the three pyramids were constructed as tombs for the Pharaohs during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, around 2580 – 2560 BC. The Great Pyramid, built for Pharaoh Khufu, is the largest of the three and was originally 146.6 meters tall, though it now stands at 138.8 meters due to the loss of the outer casing stones. Each pyramid is made of millions of limestone blocks, and the largest one is believed to have taken over 20 years to complete. Visitors to the pyramids can explore the complex, marvel at the vast size of the structures, and learn about the incredible history and craftsmanship that went into their creation. The Pyramids of Giza continue to attract millions of tourists from all over the world each year. Which of the following sentences from the text is an opinion?

Read the text below to answer the question! The Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous landmarks in Paris, France. Completed in 1889 for the World's Fair, it was initially criticized for its design but has since become an iconic symbol of France. Standing at 330 meters tall, it was the tallest man-made structure in the world until the completion of the Chrysler Building in New York in 1930. The tower is made of wrought iron and weighs approximately 10,100 tons. Visitors can take an elevator to the observation decks to enjoy panoramic views of Paris, including landmarks like the Seine River, the Louvre Museum, and Montmartre. The Eiffel Tower is lit up every evening, providing a spectacular view for both tourists and Parisians alike. It is estimated that more than 7 million people visit the Eiffel Tower each year, making it one of the most visited paid monuments in the world. Which of the following sentences from the text is written in passive voice?

Read the dialogue below to answer the question! Speaker 1: "I recently visited the Grand Canyon, and it was truly one of the most breathtaking places I’ve ever been." Speaker 2: "I’ve always heard that the Grand Canyon is huge, but I didn’t realize just how big it is until I saw it in person." Speaker 1: "Yes, it’s massive! The canyon stretches over 277 miles and reaches depths of more than a mile. It’s hard to grasp its size until you're standing at the edge." Speaker 2: "That’s incredible! I’ve always wanted to go, but I’ve heard some people say it’s overrated. I wonder if I’d feel the same way." Speaker 1: "I don’t think it’s overrated at all. The views are spectacular, and it’s such a peaceful place. You can’t really appreciate its beauty until you see it with your own eyes." Speaker 2: "I’ve also heard that it’s really crowded with tourists. Does that make it harder to enjoy the experience?" Speaker 1: "There are definitely a lot of tourists, but if you go early in the morning or during the off-season, it’s less crowded. The experience is still amazing." Speaker 2: "I guess that makes sense. I’ve seen photos, and they always look so stunning. It must be even more impressive in person." Speaker 1: "Definitely. I also did a short hike, and I could feel the history of the place. It’s just an amazing mix of natural beauty and cultural significance." Speaker 2: "It sounds like it’s a must-see destination. Maybe I’ll plan a trip this year." Speaker 1: "I highly recommend it. The Grand Canyon really lives up to the hype." Which of the following is a fact from the dialogue?